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ASTM FASTENERS
ASTM A193 B6 Studs and Bolts
According to the specification ASTM A193 B6 Stainless Steel Bolts standards are used in those applications that demand the use of high tensile strength.The raw material used to manufacture A193 B6 Stainless Steel Studs is the ferritic grade AISI 410 stainless steel. This grade of stainless steel contains about 13% chromium in the alloy.
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ASTM A193 B6 Bolts
ASTM A193 B6 Studs
ASTM A193 Grade B7 Bolts & ASTM A193 Grade B7 Threaded Studs
ASTM A193 Grade B7 heavy hex head bolts are high strength fasteners manufactured from heat treated alloy steel AISI 4140/4142, quenched and tempered. Dimensional specifications are governed by ASME B18.2.1. Grade markings consists of both the grade symbol "B7" and the manufacturer's identification mark. Inch series fasteners meeting ASTM A193 Grade B7 specifications are typically used in flange bolting applications. ASTM A193 covers the requirements for high temperature and high pressure bolting. Heavy hex head bolts have a larger head to increase the bearing surface and distribute the clamping load over a larger area. Bolts listed that are smaller than 1/2" diameter may be finished pattern bolts. A193 B7 hex bolts, as well as all thread stud bolts having diameters above 1" are most common 8UN (8 threads per inch) and are also available UNC (coarse thread).
ASTM A193 Grade B7 Bolts
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ASTM A193 Grade B8 Bolts
ASTM A193 Grade B8 is a standard specification for high tensile 304/304L stainless-steel bolts, for high-temperature, high-pressure service and other special purpose applications. A193 grade b8 is chemically equivalent to (AISI 304) 18-8 stainless steel alloy with tensile strength diversified in two different tensile classes namely class 1 and class 2.
A193 Grade B8 class 1 bolts are carbide solution treated with maximum tensile strength requirement of 75 ksi or 515 MPa, yield 30 ksi or 205 MPa, and maximum hardness of 223 HBW whereas grade b8 class 2 bolts are carbide solution treated and strain hardened to achieve higher tensile requirement of 125 ksi or 860 MPa and 100 ksi or 690 MPa and maximum hardness of 321 HBW or 35HRC. Grade B8 fasteners are used for high strength pipeline bolting applications.
ASTM A193 Grade B8 Bolts
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ASTM A193 Grade B8M Bolts & ASTM A193 Grade B8M Studs
ASTM A193 Grade B8M is a standard material specification for high tensile 316/316L stainless steel bolts, screws, studs or other external threaded fasteners for high-temperature, high-pressure service and other special purpose applications.
A193 Grade B8M is chemically equivalent to AISI 316/316L stainless steel with improved strength, categorized in two different tensile classes namely class 1 and class 2.
A193 Grade B8M class 1 bolts are carbide solution treated with maximum tensile strength requirement of 75 ksi or 515 MPa, yield 30 ksi or 205 MPa, and maximum hardness of 223 HBW whereas Grade B8M class 2 bolts are carbide solution treated and strain hardened to achieve higher tensile requirement of 110 ksi or 760 MPa and 95 ksi or 655 MPa and maximum hardness of 321 HBW or 35HRC. Grade B8M fasteners are used for high strength pipeline bolting applications.
ASTM A193 Grade B8M Bolts
ASTM A193 Grade B8M Studs
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ASTM A193 B8 Class 2 Bolts
ASTM A193 Grade B8 Class 2 is a carbide solution treated and strain hardened 304/304L stainless steel bolting material with higher tensile strength requirement of 125 ksi or 860 MPa and 100 ksi or 690 MPa and maximum hardness of 321 HBW or 35HRC. B8 Class 2 fasteners are used for bolting pipeline flanges and other process equipment intended for high temperature or high-pressure applications.
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ASTM A193 B8 Class 2 Bolts
ASTM A193 Grade B8C Bolts
There are two classes of these fasteners and both classes are used in different application set ups. The ASTM A193 gr. b8c Material has 75ksi minimum tensile strength and 30ksi minimum yield strength for class 1. The class products range in size from ¾ inches to 1 ½ inches. These different dimensions have different strength values. The tensile strength of class 2 ranges from 100ksi to 125ksi and the yield strength varies from 12ksi to 28ksi. The Sa 193 Gr B8c Screw is used under high pressure high temperature applications. The hardness of these fasteners also varies with class. The class 1 fasteners have 223HBW and the class 2 fasteners have 321HBW hardness.
ASTM A193 Grade B8C Bolts
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ASTM A193 Grade B16 Bolts & ASTM A193 Grade B16 Stud Bolts
ASTM A193 Grade B16 bolts and stud bolts are high strength fasteners manufactured from heat treated Chromium-Molybdenum-Vanadium steel, quenched and tempered. Added Vanadium allows for operating temperatures higher than that of B7 stud bolts. Dimensional specifications are governed by ASME B18.31.2. Grade markings consists of both the grade symbol "B16" and the manufacturer's identification mark on one end of each stud 3/8" diameter and larger. Manufacturer's marking may be placed on other end if insufficient space. Inch series fasteners meeting ASTM A193 Grade B16 specifications are typically used in the power and petrochemical industries on boilers, turbines, and other pressurized equipment with elevated temperatures. ASTM A193 covers the requirements for high temperature and high pressure bolting. A193 B16 all thread studs having diameters above 1" are most common in 8UN thread pitches.
ASTM A193 Grade B16 Stud Bolts
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ASTM A193 Grade B16 Bolts
ASTM A453 Grade 660 Bolts & ASTM A453 Grade 660 Studs
ASTM A453 Grade 660 is a material specification for studs, bolts, nuts and other fasteners, intended for use in high temperature bolting applications. ASTM A453 Grade 660 is classified into 4 property class namely A, B, C & D, each designated with different tensile and stress rupture properties. Grade 660 fasteners are used in bolting boilers, pressure vessels, pipeline flanges and valves, intended for high temperature service. ASTM A453 grade 660 material is chemically equivalent to ASTM B638 grade 660 stainless steel alloy, also known by alloy A286 and UNS S66286, heat treated to achieve properties defined in ASTM A453 specification.
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ASTM A453 Grade 660 Bolts
ASTM A453 Grade 660 Studs
ASTM A320 Gr L7 Bolts & ASTM A320 Gr L7 Stud Bolts
ASTM A320 Grade L7 studs are manufactured from AISI 4140/4142 alloy steel, quenched and tempered. Dimensional specifications are governed by ASME B18.31.2.
A320 L7 all thread studs having diameters above 1" are most common in 8UN (8 threads per inch) thread pitch. A320 L7 stud bolts are intended for low temperature service. They have the same chemical and physical properties as ASTM A193 Grade B7, but must meet a Charpy impact value of 20 lb-ft at -150F to ensure satisfactory performance in low temperature services. These fasteners are commonly used for valves, flanges, fittings, and pressure vessels.
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ASTM A320 Gr L7 Bolts
ASTM A320 Gr L7 Studs
ASTM F593 Bolts /Studs & ASTM F593 Nuts
STM F593 covers the chemical and mechanical requirements for stainless steel bolts, hex cap screws, and studs in diameters ranging from 1/4″ to 1-1/2″ inclusive. These fasteners are for general purpose usage and are available in seven alloy groups. Below is a basic summary of the common grades within the ASTM F593 specification. A number of other less common grades of ASTM F593 exist but are not detailed in the description below. The Mechanical table here is limited to Alloy groups 1 and 2, as those are the most common and the Chemical table is only showing the most common alloy grades used for their respective alloy groups. More detailed information can be found in the ASTM F593 standard on the ASTM website.
ASTM F593 Bolts - ASTM F593 Nuts
ASTM F593 Studs
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ASTM F468 Bolts & ASTM F468 Socket Head Cap Screws & ASTM F468 Studs
This spec pertains to bolts, hex cap screws, socket head cap screws, and studs for general use. It covers the requirements for commercial wrought nonferrous bolts, hex cap screws, and studs 0.250 to 1.500 in. and socket head cap screws (including socket head cap, button head and flat countersunk head configurations) with nominal thread 0.06 (size 0) through 1.500 in. inclusive in diameter manufactured from a number of alloys in common use and intended for general service applications. ASTM F468 includes nickel alloys such as Hastelloy, Inconel, and Monel, as well as several grades of titanium.
ASTM F468 Bolts and Nuts
ASTM F468 Socket Head Cap Screws
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ASTM A182 Stainless Steel F44 Stud Bolts
ASTM A182 Stainless Steel F44 Stud Bolts are made up of a chromium nickel molybdenum alloy that is austenitic. The material has carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen and copper in the composition. There are different types such as the F44 Stainless Steel Threaded Rod, screws, bolts, nuts and washers. The threaded rods are used in applications with tight spaces to connect two components together.
The design without a head allows for the rod to be installed in tight spaces. The A182 F44 Double Ended Stud is another type of fastener that has dual ends to connect two components. The thread types of these fasteners vary. They belong to the ASTM A182 specification with DIN, ASTM, ASME, ANSI and all other international standards. The material has 650MPa minimum tensile strength and 300MPa minimum yield strength. The thread configuration for the ASTM A182 F44 Stainless Steel Threaded Rod ranges as ASME B1.1 2A/3A and so on. The fine threads and coarse thread types are available as well. These fasteners can be cold forged, hot gorged, bar stock machined or bar stock milled during production. The F44 Stainless Steel Tie Rod and others range from 3m to 200mm in length with the sizes ranging from 3/6 inches to 2 inches. The applications of the UNS S31254 Double Ended Studs can be seen in power generation, oil and gas, petroleum, petrochemical and in general engineering applications.
ASTM A182 Stainless Steel F44 Stud Bolts
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ASTM A193 B6X Bolts
ASTM A193 Grade B6x Stud bolts are high tensile material made bolts. The fasteners belong to the specification that has high temperature, high corrosion resistant, external threaded fasteners. The material has carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon and 11.5% to 13.5% chromium in the composition. The material composition makes the material strong and corrosion resistant.
The minimum tensile strength of the ASTM A193 Grade B6x Hex Bolt and other fasteners is 620MPa. The hex bolts are used in different applications due to the shape and use with tools. The ASTM A193 Grade B6x Bolts have 485MPa minimum yield strength, 16% elongation and 26HRC hardness. The material is heat treated similar to the B6 fasteners. The fasteners are quenched and tempered at 593 degree Celsius. The dimensions of the ASTM A193 B6X Bolts types are according to the ASME B18.2.1 and B18.3 standards.
ASTM A193 B6X Bolts
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1.4980 Studs & 1.4980 Bolt
1.4980 Stainless Steel Stud Bolts is an iron-nickel-chromium alloy. Although not primarily designed for use at low temperatures, the combination of high strength, good toughness and non-magnetic properties make AISI Alloy 286 Stud Bolts as a candidate for cryogenic applications.
1.4980 Threaded Rods is often used for different applications such as in Powerplant, Machine engineering, Power generation, and more. 1.4980 Threaded Bars is also typically used in applications where fastener operating temperatures can reach 650 degrees Celsius. 1.4980 Tie Rods has excellent heat resistance up to 700 degree C. Also, 1.4980 Tie Bars has excellent creep strength and can be used at higher temperatures (up to 700 degree C) than the 12 percent CrMoV martensitic stainless steels. Stainless Steel UNS S66286 Stud Boltsis further classified as a precipitation-hardening (PH) stainless steel.
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1.4980 Bolt
1.4980 Studs
ASTM A194 Grade 2H Nuts
ASTM A194 Grade 2H heavy hex nuts are intended for use in flange bolting applications, as well as structural applications and with other high strength bolting. ASTM A194 covers carbon steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel nuts for bolts in high pressure or high temperature service.
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ASTM A194 Grade 2H Nuts
ASTM A194 Grade 6 Heavy Hex Nuts
A194 Gr 6 Hex Nuts are made up of austenitic grades and martensitic grades of stainless steels. The material of this grade of nuts has carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon and 11.5% chromium minimum in the composition. The SA 194 Gr 6 Nuts have minimum tensile strength of 550MPa and minimum yield strength of 240MPa. The hardness of the nuts is 223BHN.
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ASTM A194 Grade 6 Heavy Hex Nuts
ASTM A194 Grade 7 Hex Nuts
ASTM A194 Grade 7L heavy hex nuts are manufactured from alloy steel, quenched and tempered. The ASTM A194 specification covers carbon steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel nuts for bolts in high pressure or high temperature service. They are a common high strength nut used with stud bolts for high and low temperature service, such as B16 and L7. When low temperature requirements are specified for Grade 7 nuts, the Charpy test procedures and requirements as defined in Specification A320/A320M for Grade L7 will apply. Grade markings consists of the grade symbol "7L". Dimensional specifications are governed by ASME B18.2.2. Heavy hex nuts provide increased bearing surface area over finished nuts such as J995 Grade 5 nuts.
ASTM A194 Grade 7 Hex Nuts
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ASTM A194 Grade 8M Nuts
ASTM A194 Grade 8M is a standard material specification for high tensile nuts and other internally threaded fasteners, made from 316 Stainless Steel . Grade 8M nuts can be produced by means of hot forging, cold forging or machining from heat treated bar stock and used with ASTM A193 B8M bolts, screws and studs.
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ASTM A194 Grade 8M Nuts
ASTM A563 Hex Nuts
The ASTM A563 specification covers carbon and alloy steel nuts for general structural and mechanical uses on bolts, studs, and other externally threaded parts. A563 nuts have a wider variety of uses compared to the A194 nuts. Because of this, it’s important for the customer to specify which variation of A563 nuts they need, including grade, style, nominal size, thread series, coating, and other special requirements.
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ASTM A563 Hex Nuts
ASTM F467 Nuts
Extreme Bolt & Fastener offers nuts per ASTM F467 specification. This spec pertains to nonferrous nuts for general use. It covers the requirements for commercial wrought nonferrous nuts 0.250 to 1.500 in. inclusive in diameter in a number of alloys in common use and intended for general service applications. ASTM F467 includes nickel alloys such as Hastelloy, Inconel, and Monel, as well as several grades of titanium.
ASTM F467 Nuts
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ASTM F594 Nuts
ASTM F594 Stainless Steel Nuts made from a ferritic grade of stainless steel are magnetic, strong and have relatively good corrosion resistance. ASTM F594 models made from an austenitic grade of steels have high tensile strength, low ductility, low corrosion resistance and are non-magnetic in nature. ASTM F594 includes the chemical and mechanical specifications for stainless steel nuts in which dimensions of Astm F594 Nut varying from 1/4′′ to 1-1/2′′ inclusive and for ASTM F593 compatible fastener applications. These nuts are available in seven alloy classes for general use.
ASTM F594 Nuts
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ASTM A194 Grade 8C Nuts
ASTM A194 Grade 8C Nuts are made up of martensitic alloy stainless steels with sizes ranging from ¼ inches through 4 inches. The nominal sizes range from M6 through to M100 in metric scale. The heavy hex nuts are used in high strength and high torque applications where the use of tools enables maximum tightening of the fasteners.
ASTM A194 Grade 8C Nuts
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ASTM F436 Washer
ASTM F436 thru hardened structural flat washers are used under bolt heads or nuts to increase the bearing surface area, or to offer protection so that the nut or bolt can be rotated without distortion of the bearing surface. They are designed for general purpose and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, and other internally and externally threaded fasteners. Dimensional specifications are governed by ASTM F436. Dimensionally comparable to the low carbon SAE Washer, but manufactured from a higher grade of steel and heat treated. F436 washers are suitable for use with many fastener grades including B7, B16, L7, and A325 and A490 structural bolts. Also used with fasteners covered in A354 and A449. PTFE coating (commonly referred to as Teflon) is formulated with superior characteristics for maximum fastener life. Technical components include a tensile strength of up to 4,000 psi and an operating pressure up to 100,000 psi. The absence of nut locking oxides enable easy and safe removal. PTFE coatings have extreme chemical resistance and are ideal for applications including insulating piping, boiler rooms, water filled piping, water lines and more.
ASTM F436 Washer
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